Response Of A Medicinal Plant Peganum Harmala To Iron Oxide Nanoparticles F3O4(Nps)

Iron nanomaterials are widely present in the environment and their concentrations increasing day by day. In many applications, iron included, but minimum maximum that not harmful to plants yet known. Effect of F3O4(NPs) on Peganum harmala for purpose showing anatomical responses as effective biomarkers concentration ecosystem. Electron microscopy determine effect different doses ranging from (0-600 mg / L) were used. The cross-sections leaves compared terms epidermis, parenchyma cells, vascular cylinder, especially xylem phloem vessels. Epidermal variations studied stomata, guard cells normal epidermis. laboratories Department Environmental Sciences Pollution at College Science, University Kufa year 2022 used conduct experiments. results showed largest was epidermis plants, stomata system, where closed decreased number, while system less affected variation rest indicators. severity proportional increase concentration. indicate an insufficient supply (150 can be a plant growth stimulator practical applications production improve crops fertilizer. Whereas, treatments with high inhibit antioxidants, causing deficiency activity plants.